AN24.1-6 | Lungs & Trachea — Gate Quiz

Correct. The right main bronchus is wider, shorter (~2.5 cm), and more vertical (25°), making it the path of choice for aspirated foreign bodies.

The right main bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left — hence the preferential site for foreign body aspiration.

Correct. The right lung has 3 lobes (upper, middle, lower) and 10 bronchopulmonary segments.

Right lung = 3 lobes (upper, middle, lower) and 10 segments. Left lung = 2 lobes, 8–10 segments.

Correct. The V/Q ratio is highest at the lung apex — higher O₂ tension favours obligate aerobic Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The apex has a high V/Q ratio (ventilation > perfusion) → high pO₂ → ideal for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (obligate aerobe).

Correct. In the supine position, the superior segment of the right lower lobe (S6) is the most posterior-dependent segment and receives aspirated material.

When supine, the most dependent posterior segment is S6 (superior segment of the right lower lobe). When upright, the basal segments are most dependent.

Correct. The left pulmonary artery arches over the left main bronchus — it is superior to the bronchus at the left hilum.

At the left hilum, the pulmonary artery arches over (is superior to) the left main bronchus — unlike the right where the PA is anterior.

Correct. Bronchial arteries (from the thoracic aorta) carry oxygenated blood to supply the walls of the bronchi and lung connective tissue — the nutritive supply.

Bronchial arteries arise from the thoracic aorta and carry oxygenated blood for nutritive supply of the lung tissue — separate from the pulmonary (gas exchange) circulation.

Correct. The costodiaphragmatic recess is the most dependent part of the pleural cavity and is the first to fill with fluid, causing blunting of the costophrenic angle.

The costodiaphragmatic recess (between costal and diaphragmatic pleura) is the most dependent space and blunts first with pleural effusion.

Correct. The horizontal fissure separates the upper and middle lobes of the right lung.

The right lung has two fissures: the oblique fissure (upper/lower) and the horizontal fissure (upper/middle).

Correct. The standard site for chest drain insertion is the 5th–6th intercostal space, midaxillary line, within the safe triangle.

Chest drains are inserted at the 5th–6th ICS, midaxillary line — within the "triangle of safety" to avoid injury to the breast, neurovascular bundle, and diaphragm.

Correct. The bronchial arteries provide nutritive supply to the bronchial walls. Injury leads to ischaemia and necrosis of the bronchial stump — a serious complication of pneumonectomy.

Bronchial arteries supply the bronchial walls. Loss of this supply causes bronchial stump necrosis — a major complication (bronchopleural fistula) after pneumonectomy.