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PY7.1-9 | Introduction to Renal Physiology
Learning Objectives
- Describe glomerular filtration — GFR, filtration fraction, and the forces governing filtration (PY7.1)
- Describe tubular reabsorption and secretion — Tm, glucose titration, and peritubular capillary forces (PY7.2)
- Explain the counter-current multiplier and exchanger mechanisms that concentrate urine (PY7.3)
- Describe renal regulation of acid-base balance — H⁺ secretion, bicarbonate reabsorption, ammonium and phosphate buffers (PY7.4)
- Describe the micturition reflex — filling, storage, and voiding, and the nervous control of bladder (PY7.5)
- Interpret common renal function tests — serum creatinine, BUN, GFR estimation, urinalysis (PY7.6)
- Describe the principles of haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (PY7.7)
- Classify diuretics by site and mechanism of action, with clinical applications (PY7.8)
- Define renal clearance and apply it to calculate GFR and tubular handling of substances (PY7.9)
INSTRUCTIONS
This module covers how the kidneys filter 180 litres of blood plasma each day, recover almost all of it, and produce 1–2 litres of precisely composed urine. Work through each section sequentially. Connect the anatomy you studied (kidney, ureter, bladder, nephron structure) with the physiology here. The micro-quizzes test your understanding before moving on. Estimated time: 55 minutes.
References
- Guyton & Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th ed., Unit V: The Body Fluids and Kidneys (textbook)
- Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26th ed., Chapter 38: Renal Function & Micturition (textbook)
- OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e, Chapter 25: The Urinary System (CC BY 4.0) (textbook (CC BY 4.0))
Version 2.0 | NMC CBUC 2024